Coding Tidbit

In the biggest change to C++ syntax, -> and :: operators are to be replaced by . operator in the upcoming C++23 AF00L proposal. The rationale behind this proposal is there can be no confusion (as to which operator to use). The :: operator is not only used in scope resolution and also as class-to-static_member. […]

Ray Tracing In A Weekend Repo My Modernized Ray Tracing In A Weekend Repo The improvements I made to the original code: Convert all raw allocation to shared_ptr to prevent memory leaks. Replace non-reentrant rand() with a copy of C++11 random number generator in every thread using thread_local to avoid sharing and locking. Replace the […]

CertCreateCertificateContext failure can be fixed with first exporting the certificate to DER Encoded Binary X.509 (cer file) manually. std::vector<BYTE> vec; PCCERT_CONTEXT pCertContext = NULL; if (pCertContext = ::CertCreateCertificateContext( PKCS_7_ASN_ENCODING | X509_ASN_ENCODING, vec.data(), vec.size())) { std::cout << “Success!\n”; } else { std::cout << “Failure!\n”; } If one want to forgo the manual export option, CryptQueryObject can […]

This is a neat comment toggle trick. When you have two path of mutually exclusive code of execution, do this to enable the first section. Remove the first back slash to comment out the first section and uncomment the second section.

Do not define a default clause for enum in switch statement! Say in future, if another fruit type is added to the enum, default clause shall cause the C++ compiler not to warn you that you have not handled the case for the new fruit. enum class Fruit { Apple, Orange }; Fruit fruit = […]

In private inheritance, the base class public access members are still public access in the derived class. Therefore the derived class still can call the base class functions and access its public data. But the user who instantiates the derived class, cannot access the public member of the base class, hence private inheritance. Public inheritance […]

If you want your executable’s signature to be still valid after certificate validity period, you have to digitally sign it with a timestamp from one of the timestamp websites with /tr switch before its expiry. In my case, I choose timestamp.digicert.com. This command is for Windows only. signtool.exe sign /tr http://timestamp.digicert.com /f Cert.pfx /p password […]

What is the size of the below class? struct MyClass { virtual ~MyClass(); }; The answer is size of a pointer(4 bytes or 8 bytes depending on the platform). That pointer is a vptr to vtbl of virtual functions. That being said, it is not a good idea to initialize a class consisting of POD […]

When two threads are frequently accessing and updating the 2 different but independent variables on the same cacheline, cache thrashing occurs as a result because when the thread updates its variable, the thread on another CPU core has its cacheline invalidated and have to fetch from the main memory again even though it is not […]

In WiX, property is referenced by enclosing its name in square blanket. For example, “[foobar]”. When a text (which we have no control over) is enclosed in blankets but is not a property, how do we escape it? This is not a WiX problem but a MSI method of deducing whether a value is a […]